When you think of a robot, it likely brings to mind a hard, smart machine that can manipulate objects in its environment. But a new field of “soft” robotics is exploring the potential of pliable, jelly-like materials that take inspiration from the natural world, especially the shape-shifting octopus.
Unlike metal or plastic, the materials of soft robotics — often silicone rubber with bio-inspired adhesives — can stretch or deform, and are driven by rudimentary computers based on the pressure and flow of gas.
Because of their flexibility, soft robotics are ideal for applications in contact with the human body, such as surgical implants or prosthetics — preventing the injury that might result from a more rigid structure, says mechanical engineering professor , who is working on ways to integrate the technology into functional clothing.
“In about five or 10 years, we could have clothing that responds to your needs, adapting to your body and everyday environment,” he says. “If you slip and fall, it provides support or body armour; if you have the shakes, it might calm you down.”